Learning to Co-operate: Youth Engagement with the Co-operative Revival in Africa

نویسندگان

  • Sally Hartley
  • Hazel Johnson
چکیده

Co-operatives are seen to offer alternatives for individuals to improve their livelihoods. However, they have a mixed record, especially in Africa. Initially controlled by the state, many co-operatives did not survive with the advent of structural adjustment policies. However, there is now a revival. In parallel, some countries have policies to engage youth in co-operatives. Can co-operatives, as socially oriented businesses, throw off their history and provide an opportunity for youth? This article examines this question by combining extensive field data from youth co-operatives in Uganda and Lesotho with situated learning and human development theories. It finds that contemporary co-operatives and their networks provide an ‘expanded learning space’ for youth, although there is differentiation by education and gender and type of co-operative. The article makes a novel contribution to debates about co-operatives in development and their potential to provide an alternative route for youth futures. Les coopératives offrent une alternative pour l’amélioration des moyens de subsistance des individus. Cependant, leur bilan reste mitigé et ce surtout en Afrique. Initialement contrôlées par l’État, de nombreuses coopératives n’ont pas survécu à l’avènement des politiques d’ajustement structurel. Pourtant, leur renouveau s’observe aujourd’hui. En parallèle, certains pays ont adopté des politiques pour promouvoir la participation des jeunes dans les coopératives. Est-ce que les coopératives, en tant qu’entreprises à vocation sociale, peuvent se débarrasser de leur histoire et fournir une opportunité pour ces jeunes? Cet article examine la question en combinant des données de terrain approfondies sur des coopératives de jeunes en Ouganda et au Lesotho, avec les théories de ‘situated learning’ (l’acquisition des savoir situés) et du développement humain. Il constate que les coopératives actuelles et leurs réseaux sociaux fournissent un ‘espace d’apprentissage élargi’ pour les jeunes, bien que des différences prennent forme en fonction de leur genre et niveau d’éducation, mais aussi, en fonction du type de coopérative. L’article offre une contribution originale sur le potentiel des coopératives comme voie alternative pour le futur des jeunes et alimente le débat sur le rôle des coopératives dans le développement. European Journal of Development Research (2014) 26, 55–70. doi:10.1057/ejdr.2013.39; published online 24 October 2013

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تاریخ انتشار 2013